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AbstractNoncontingent or response‐independent access to matched, competing stimuli has been shown to be effective to decrease automatically maintained challenging behavior. Despite research on its effectiveness, various schedules of noncontingent access to matched competing stimuli have not been directly compared. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of and preference for continuous, dense (fixed‐time 30 s), and lean (fixed‐time 60 s) schedules of noncontingent access to matched competing stimuli to decrease automatically maintained stereotypy exhibited by two children with autism. We also conducted a within session analysis of the lean condition to examine possible mechanisms responsible for the effects of the procedure. The results showed that the continuous schedule was most effective and most preferred to reduce stereotypy for both participants. A social validity measure indicated that the participant's caregivers approved of and preferred the continuous schedule.

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This Concise Review is an appraisal of contemporary research on teaching single‐case experimental design (SCED) graphical creation published between 2017–2021. Recent work on SCED graphical creation is summarized and areas for future research are highlighted.

O presente artigo teve por objetivo avaliar a utilização do procedimento de automonitoramento (AM) em um escritor profissional de literatura ficcional em prosa. Participou do estudo uma mulher com 22 anos de idade, estudante, que já havia publicado pelo menos um livro. A pesquisa experimental durou seis semanas, remotamente, através da plataforma tecnológica Tecwriting para mensurar a frequência (VD 1) e quantidade de palavras escritas (VD 2). Utilizou-se o delineamento de reversão ABAB de sujeito único composto pelas condições A de linha de base (sem a VI de automonitoramento) e B (com a VI de automonitoramento), além da aplicação de questionários pré e pós-intervenção para avaliar o padrão de escrita anterior e as variáveis estranhas. Os dados obtidos apontam para uma influência do automonitoramento na escrita literária, tanto referente a frequência de sessões e quantidade de palavras escritas, como também para manter uma escrita mais assídua, corroborando a literatura existente. Devido à complexidade do fenômeno estu dado, ao caráter da pesquisa, realizada em contexto natural, remoto, e ao momento pandêmico da COVID-19 em que se realizou a coleta, faz-se necessária a produção de mais pesquisas para que se possam validar com maior segurança os resultados encontrados.

A lei de potência, a lei de igualação e seus desassossegos?

Although procedures originating within the experimental analysis of behavior commonly are used in behavioral neuroscience to produce behavioral endpoints, they are used less often to analyze the behavioral processes involved, particularly at the level of individual organisms (see Soto, 2020). Concurrent‐chains procedures have been used extensively to study choice and to quantify relations between various dimensions of reinforcement and preference. Unfortunately, parametric analysis of those relations using traditional steady‐state, single‐subject experimental designs can be time‐consuming, often rendering these procedures impractical for use in behavioral neuroscience. The purpose of this paper is to describe how concurrent‐chains procedures can be adapted to allow for parametric examination of effects of the reinforcement dimensions involved in impulsive choice (magnitude and delay) within experimental sessions in rats. Data are presented indicating that this procedure can produce relatively consistent within‐session estimates of sensitivity to reinforcement in individual subjects, and that these estimates can be modified by neurobiological manipulation (drug administration). These data suggest that this type of procedure offers a promising approach to the study of neurobiological mechanisms of complex behavior in individual organisms, which could facilitate a more fruitful relationship between behavior analysis and behavioral neuroscience.

The stability of stimulus preference assessment results is an important consideration when using the identified stimuli in treatments and/or additional experiments. Prior research has demonstrated that the preference hierarchies identified by the multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment are generally stable over time. This stability has been demonstrated with tangible and edible items, yet the extent to which that stability can be expected for other types of stimuli remains unknown. The current study tested the 2‐month stability of the MSWO preference assessment in the context of college students' preferred sexual partners. Adequate stability was shown in most cases, suggesting generality of the stability of preference across tasks, populations, and stimuli.

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