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AbstractPeople with substance use disorder who have been arrested for prostitution are likely to require intensive interventions to increase drug abstinence and reduce HIV risk behaviors. The Therapeutic Workplace (TW) may be ideal for this population, because it combines contingency management for drug abstinence and paid job training. This study was a preliminary evaluation of the TW intervention in opioid dependent women arrested for prostitution. Participants (N = 37) were randomly assigned to a specialized diversion program, or the diversion program plus the TW for 4 months. Group comparisons showed no difference in drug use. However, analysis of drug use relative to the onset of drug abstinence contingencies in the TW group showed greater abstinence during the implementation period, with a significant difference for opioids (p = 0.046). The pre‐post contingency outcomes provide preliminary evidence that the TW could promote drug abstinence in people involved in the criminal justice system who attend paid job training.

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Contingency management (CM) interventions are the most effective psychosocial interventions for substance use disorders. However, further investigation is needed to create the most robust intervention possible. This study investigated the effects of 1) reinforcer magnitude; and 2) fixed and escalating and resetting incentives on cocaine abstinence in an outpatient trial. In this analysis, 34 treatment‐seeking individuals with Cocaine Use Disorder received either high or low value incentives for providing a benzoylecgonine‐negative urine sample or were in a control condition and received incentives for providing a urine sample regardless of the results. Participants received either escalating and resetting incentives, wherein the value of each incentive increased with consecutive negative samples and reset to the initial level upon a positive sample (Experiment 1), or fixed incentives, wherein they received the same value incentive for each negative urine sample they provided (Experiment 2). Large incentives produced more abstinence, although escalating and resetting reinforcer values did not have a differential effect. Large, fixed incentives promoted abstinence faster than other reinforcers, whereas smaller incentives resulted in poor abstinence and took many visits to achieve initial abstinence. Future research comparing different schedules on cocaine abstinence in a randomized control trial with a larger sample size is required.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a presença de Freud em publicações de um periódico psicanalítico brasileiro (Revista Ágora), entre 1999 e 2019, para fornecer parâmetros de comparação entre os resultados encontrados com dados disponíveis a respeito da presença de Skinner na literatura analítico-comportamental brasileira (Azoubel & Micheletto, 2020). Para isso, todos os volumes foram acessados e foram selecionados 472 artigos que contavam com seção de Referências. Contabilizaram-se todas as referências a Freud e a outros autores. Foi possível verificar que a proporção de referências a Freud na revista Ágora (20,1%) foi cerca de três vezes maior do que a proporção de referências a Skinner nos periódicos analítico-comportamentais brasileiros (7,1%) e que a porcentagem de artigos analítico-comportamentais sem referências a Skinner (32,1%) foi duas vezes maior do que a porcentagem de artigos psicanalíticos sem referências a Freud (14,4%). Esses dados sugerem uma influência marcadamente maior da obra de Freud sobre a literatura psicanalítica do que da obra de Skinner sobre a literatura analítico-comportamental. Porém, são necessários novos estudos para ampliar a compreensão desse aspecto, tais como análises qualitativas das posições dos analistas do comportamento frente às obras de Skinner e novas comparações com a presença de outros autores importantes em suas áreas.Palavras-chave: análise bibliométrica, B. F. Skinner, S. Freud, análise do comportamento, história da psicologia, comunicação científica.

Recentemente tem sido objeto de pesquisa historiográfica a análise do movimento de certas teorias psicológicas, que, tendo sido desenvolvidas em determinados locais, viajam para outras regiões, resultando em uma transformação influenciada pela especificidade local. Nesse sentido, o objetivo central deste estudo é analisar as dinâmicas de produção e recepção dos conceitos de controle e contracontrole social tomando como duas unidades de análise as propostas de James G. Holland e de Celso Pereira de Sá. Os resultados sugerem que: (1) os construtos foram concebidos em um contexto de luta de Direitos Civis nos Estados Unidos da América, compondo um cenário de destaque ao compromisso político; (2) os conceitos foram utilizados como ferramenta de uso prático na análise da realidade brasileira com o intuito de popularizar as tecnologias da ciência comportamental; e (3) as obras de Celso Pereira de Sá podem constituir-se um ponto de interface entre o comportamentalismo radical de Skinner e a Psicologia Social

In science in general and in the context of single‐case experimental designs, replication of the effects of the intervention within and/or across participants or experiments is crucial for establishing causality and for assessing the generality of the intervention effect. Specific developments and proposals for assessing whether an effect has been replicated or not (or to what extent) are scarce, in the general context of behavioral sciences, and practically null in the single‐case experimental designs context. We propose an extension of the modified Brinley plot for assessing how many of the effects replicate. To make this assessment possible, a definition of replication is suggested, on the basis of expert judgment, rather than on statistical criteria. The definition of replication and its graphical representation are justified, presenting their strengths and limitations, and illustrated with real data. A user‐friendly software is made available for obtaining automatically the graphical representation.

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Recent research on automatically reinforced self‐injurious behavior (ASIB) has identified specific patterns of responding in functional analyses that correlate with intervention efficacy (Hagopian et al., 2015; Hagopian et al., 2017). Whereas research by Hagopian et al. (2015, 2017) points to an important development in the assessment and treatment of ASIB, it is unclear if the applicability extends to automatically reinforced noninjurious behaviors, including stereotypy. Therefore, the current study replicated the methods of Hagopian et al. (2017), extending this research to published cases of stereotypy and related behavior. The behavioral subtype for each case was identified, and where applicable, the subtype was compared to intervention outcome data. The categorization of data sets as either Subtype 1 or Subtype 2 did not correspond with specific treatment outcomes. Unlike the results of Hagopian et al. (2015, 2017), reinforcement‐based interventions were not more likely to be effective for Subtype 1 stereotypy than for Subtype 2 stereotypy.

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to provide a review of the current state of the literature on response interruption and intervention (RIRD) beginning with the year the term was first coined. The paper aims to replicate and refine previous reviews on this topic by including: (1) only articles that used the term “RIRD”; (2) all behaviorally oriented journals with publications on the topic; (3) articles that evaluated RIRD across multiple topographies of automatically reinforced behavior; and (4) an evaluation of measures of treatment integrity, social validity, maintenance, and generality. Suggestions for future research and use of RIRD in clinical practice will be discussed.