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ABSTRACT Interventions based on the principles of applied behavior analysis are highly effective at treating pediatric feeding disorder by increasing appropriate mealtime behaviors and decreasing inappropriate mealtime behaviors. Treatment effectiveness is usually evaluated with data collected by trained observers. Unfortunately, trained observers may not always be available or present to monitor child behavior. To address this barrier, caregivers may be able to track their child's feeding treatment progress. A recent preliminary study suggested that some caregivers' data may correspond well with trained observers and that caregivers can detect large changes in challenging behavior. In the current investigation, we replicated and extended Becraft et al. with 8 caregivers of children receiving treatment for pediatric feeding disorder. Overall, caregiver data were significantly correlated with observer data for inappropriate and appropriate behavior for seven out of eight caregivers. We also evaluated agreement between caregiver and observer data on the presence or absence of an effect (i.e., a difference between phases). Out of 16 possible phase contrasts, caregiver data agreed with observer data on whether there was a treatment effect 14 and 16 times via visual analysis for inappropriate and appropriate behavior, respectively. These preliminary data suggest that caregiver data may be used to track feeding treatment progress to determine whether there is a treatment effect with little to no formal data collection training.

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Abstract The primary purpose of the present experiment was to explore the extent to which repeated probing contributes to the establishment of incidental bidirectional naming (Inc-BiN). Whenever repetitive probes alone did not suffice to establish Inc-BiN, we investigated whether mixed-operant instuction (MOI)––the rapid rotation of operants within each of a series of trial blocks––improved Inc-BiN. Nine children with autism or language delays aged 3–6 participated. Three of nine participants were exposed to an extended-baseline condition, while the remaining six were exposed to one of two brief-baseline conditions before MOI. We used a multiple probe design across three novel stimulus sets, to isolate the effects of repeated probing. During post-MOI Inc-BiN probes, all participants across conditions demonstrated the emergence of Inc-BiN. Repetitive probes sufficed to establish Inc-BiN in two of three participants who were assigned to the extended-baseline condition, while for the third, Inc-BiN improved after MOI. In addition, we examined the extent to which the probe sequence impacted Inc-BiN skills. Three participants, P1, P2, and P3, were exposed to speaker (tacts) probes first, while the remaining six were exposed to listener probes first. During generative Inc-BiN probes, when testing speaker responses before listener responses (P1–P3), only listener responses emerged for two of them. In contrast, when testing listener before speaker responses, both repertoires were observed for three (P4, P5, and P7) of six participants. A one-month follow-up Inc-BiN probe demonstrated maintenance of listener responses for seven of eight participants, and tacts were maintained for three of them.

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Study objectives: To develop an online home teaching program for the acquisition of social skills, to investigate the effectiveness of the program, an …

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La Activación Conductual (BA) es una terapia empíricamente respaldada que destaca por su efectividad y eficiencia para problemáticas transdiagnósticas. La presente investigación adaptó el protocolo BATD en formato grupal a una versión de cinco sesiones (BATD-G5). Trece jueces expertos evaluaron esta adaptación en términos de claridad, carga por sesión y fidelidad, encontrando un acuerdo entre observadores de intermedio a bueno según los valores Kappa de Randolph. Adicionalmente, se utilizó un diseño de caso único AB con seguimiento para evaluar el efecto del BATD-G5 sobre la sintomatología emocional de cuatro estudiantes universitarias que cumplían criterios para más de un trastorno emocional. Los resultados mostraron una disminución significativa en la severidad de la sintomatología emocional (depresión, ansiedad y estrés) y en la frecuencia de conductas evitativas, así como un aumento en las conductas saludables. Estos hallazgos fueron respaldados por análisis visuales y la prueba de no solapamiento entre fases Tau-U. Además, se observó un incremento en la percepción del reforzamiento ambiental y el nivel de activación conductual general. La adaptación del BATD a cinco sesiones en formato grupal mostró un efecto positivo sobre la sintomatología emocional y las variables transdiagnósticas evaluadas, sugiriendo una proyección favorable para su aplicación en diversas poblaciones.

La ingesta de alcohol es una práctica que hace parte de diversas culturas y su consumo nocivo afecta la salud física, mental y aspectos socioeconómicos. Esta práctica suele vincularse con trastornos depresivos, por lo que requiere estrategias de intervención basadas en la evidencia para atenuar su impacto. Se realizó un diseño de caso único AB con el fin de determinar el efecto de la adaptación de la Terapia de Activación Conductual para Consumo Nocivo de Alcohol (BATD-A) en adultos con síntomas depresivos y consumo problemático de esta sustancia residentes de la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz (México). Seis adultos mexicanos condepresión moderada a grave y problemas relacionados con el alcohol participaron en diez sesiones grupales. Se tomaron medidas de contraste en tres momentos (pre, inter y pos) de severidad de la depresión (Zung-SD), grado de activación (BADS) y la presencia de criterios de un posible trastorno de consumo de alcohol (AUDIT). Se observó un incremento significativo en conductas saludables y estado de ánimo, y disminuciones moderadas en comportamientos evitativos y consumo de alcohol. Los resultados beneficiaron a los participantes con problemas de alcohol y depresión, esto resalta el valor del BATD en formato grupal al reducir la desercióny potenciar su impacto mediante el apoyo emocional entre participantes.